Dynamic metamorphism this type of metamorphism is due to mechanical deformation, like when two bodies of rock slide past one another. Contact metamorphism contact metamorphism occurs adjacent to igneous intrusions and results from high temperatures associated with the igneous intrusion. Jul 26, 2019 insects may undergo gradual metamorphosis, in which the transformation is subtle, or they can undergo a complete metamorphosis, in which each stage of the life cycle has a distinctly different appearance from the one before and the one after the current stageor they can experience something in between. Definition, limits and types of metamorphism springerlink. Metamorphism is a process of mineral assemblage and texture variation that results from the physicalchemical changes of solid rocks, caused by factors. Top 6 types of metamorphism geology your article library. Copiously illustrated and written for those who wish to gain a clear understanding of metamorphic processes, introducing metamorphism is designed. As already noted, slate is formed from the lowgrade metamorphism of shale, and has microscopic clay and mica crystals that have grown perpendicular to the stress. But to continue was difficult, particularly because he was so unusually wide.
Depending on how the rock formed, rocks can be igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic. Introducing metamorphism provides a succinct introduction to metamorphism. Along which type of tectonic boundary will greenschists and blueschist form yes, because such features can withstand low temperatures and pressures but will be destroyed in higher metamorphic grades. It discusses the tectonic and magmatic processes as the reason of metamorphism, and the geological types of metamorphism, wh. These rocks were typically exposed to tectonic forces and associated high pressures and temperatures. Different minerals form under different pressure and temperature conditions. Including explanation of contact and regional metamorphism and the conditions in which they. Typical mineral changes that take place in metabasic rocks during progressive metamorphism in the medium pt facies series. Insects may undergo gradual metamorphosis, in which the transformation is subtle, or they can undergo a complete metamorphosis, in which each stage of the life cycle has a distinctly different appearance from the one before and the one after the current stageor they can experience something in between. This book presents the genetic connections of metamorphism and geodynamics. Sep 10, 2019 metamorphism that affects entire rock bodies over a broad region is referred to as regional metamorphism. Chernicoff and whitney 2002 many rocks produced by baking are hard and finegrained with a porcelainlike texture.
Metamorphic petrology 5 metamorphism of mafic rocks. Monometamorphism is a metamorphism resulting from one metamorphic event fig. Identify how the textures of metamorphic rocks reflect the. The protolith may be a sedimentary, igneous, or existing metamorphic rock.
They cause rocks near the surface to be fractured and faulted. The type and intensity of the metamorphism, and width of the metamorphic aureole that develops around the magma body, will depend on a number of factors, including the type of country rock, the temperature of the intruding body, the size of the body, and the volatile compounds within the body figure 10. There is a wide range of conditions in temperature and pressure that produce a wide range of metamorphic rock types. Some types of metamorphism are characteristic of specific plate tectonic settings, but others are not. Metamorphism is a process of mineral assemblage and texture variation that results from the physicalchemical changes of solid rocks, caused by factors such as crust movement, magma activity, or thermal fluid change in the earth. Burial metamorphism is a special type of low grade metamorphism with low temperatures and pressures. The metamorphosis occupational illness of commercial travelers, of that he had not the slightest doubt. Definition, limits and types of metamorphism springerlink skip to main content.
The most famous example is that of the butterfly, which starts out as a wormlike, leafeating caterpillar and transforms into a. Metamorphism is typically associated with elevated temperature, pressure and shearing stress at considerable depth thus it affects rocks within the earths crust and mantle. Ultrahighpressure metamorphism refers to metamorphic processes at pressures high enough to stabilize coesite, the highpressure polymorph of sio 2. If the temperature of metamorphism is high enough for partial melting of the rock to occur, the. Describe how metamorphic rocks are produced by the action of heat, pressure, and fluids on preexisting parent rocks over the course of time. Orogenic metamorphism is the type of metamorphism associated with convergent plate margins dynamothermal. Chemical recrystallisation includes changes in composition, growth of new minerals, recrystallisation and changes in pore fluid. The result of metamorphosis may be change to the organisms entire body plan, such as a change in the animals number of legs, its means of. The various types of foliated metamorphic rocks, listed in order of the grade or intensity of metamorphism and the type of foliation are slate, phyllite, schist, and gneiss figure 7. If the temperature of metamorphism is high enough for partial melting of the rock to occur, the changes would still be called metamorphism until the melt is separated from its. Nelson metamorphism and metamorphic rocks definition of metamorphism the word metamorphism comes from the greek. The older rocks may be either sedimentary, igneous or other metamorphic rocks. Shock or impact metamorphism occurs in bodies of rock subjected to meteorite impact.
Most metamorphic rocks are the result of regional metamorphism. Polymetamorphism is a metamorphism resulting from more than one metamorphic event fig. Caineng zou, in unconventional petroleum geology, 20. Metamorphic rock is formed by heat and pressure from other rocks. Dynamic metamorphism occurs at relatively low temperatures compared to other types of metamorphism, and consists predominantly of the physical changes that happen to a rock experiencing shear stress. Any type of magma body can lead to contact metamorphism, from a thin dyke to a large stock. The driving force is the pressure and concentration gradients between the infiltrating and rockpore solutions. The products of this type of metamorphism is mylonite. What are the three main types of metamorphism compare and. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Since only a small area surrounding the intrusion is heated by the magma, metamorphism is restricted to the zone surrounding the intrusion. Regional metamorphism contact metamorphism hydrothermal metamorphism regional metamorphism is caused when high temperature and. Metamorphosis is a process by which animals undergo extreme, rapid physical changes some time after birth. There are several different types of metamorphism, including dynamic, contact, regional, and retrogressive metamorphism, that form and shape rocks.
Protolith can be any type of rock and sometimes the changes in texture and mineralogy are so dramatic that is difficult to distinguish what the. Lecture notes petrology earth, atmospheric, and planetary. Regional metamorphism most metamorphic rocks occur in fold mountain belts or cratonic areas. Schematic model for the sequential a c development of a cordilleran type or active continental margin orogen. Metamorphic petrology 2 metamorphic facies heat flow and heat production in crust. Contact metamorphism two types of contact metamorphism are recognized. Contact metamorphism a contact metamorphic rock made of interlayered calcite and serpentinefrom the precambrian of canada. Entomologists classify insects into three groups based on the type of metamorphosis they. Regional metamorphism is a type of metamorphism which occurs over an area of wide extent, that is, affecting a. Introducing metamorphism pdf download download pdf.
Metamorphic petrology 4 pelites the akfm system continuous and discontinuous reactions. The mineralogical and structural adjustment of solid rocks to physical and chemical conditions that have been imposed at depths below the near surface zones of weathering and diagenesis and which differ from conditions under which the rocks in question originated. In complete metamorphosis, a larva completely changes its body plan to become an adult. The metamorphism comprises recrystallization, metamorphic crystallization, deformation, fragmentation, and alternation. They are usually foliated and deformed and thought to be remnants of ancient mountain ranges.
Metamorphic petrology 3 metamorphism of pelitic rocks minerals and isograds. For example, all of the foliated rocks fall into this metamorphic category and some nonfoliated rocks as well. It is important because the processes that form and exhume ultrahighpressure uhp metamorphic rocks may strongly affect plate tectonics, the composition and evolution of earths crust. Lecture notes metamorphism introduction metamorphism is a change of form that includes the growth of new minerals, typically in response to a rise in temperature and normally without the involvement of a magma. Evolution in the understanding of mineral transformations and concept of metamorphic. The zone of metamorphism that surrounds the intrusion is called the halo or aureole and rarely extends more than 100 meters into the country rock. Contact metamorphism regional metamorphism sensu lato. Recognize the different types of metamorphism, the processes that cause them, and the environments in which they occur. Sep 23, 2016 metamorphism and types of metamorphism 1. Process of mineralogical and structural textural changes of rocks in the solid state in response to physical and chemical conditions which differ from those under which they originated. Moon no atmosphere so lots of meteorite impacts micro and macro. Regional metamorphism is a type of metamorphism which occu rs over an area of wide extent, that is, affecting a large rock vo lume, and is associated with largescale tectonic processes, such as oceanfloor spreading, crustal thickening related to plate collision, deep basin subsidence, etc. Can parent rock features such as sedimentary structures and fossils survive lowgrade metamorphism. Contact metamorphism is the name given to the changes that take place when magma is injected into the surrounding solid rock country rock.
There are other conditions t hat form metamorphic rocks. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Based on setting 1 contact metamorphism 2 regional metamorphism orogenic metamorphism, burial metamorphism, ocean floor metamorphism 3 faultzone metamorphism 4 impact or shock metamorphism. Jan 04, 2016 types of metamorphism, texture, structure of metamorphic rocks slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Request pdf definition, conditions and types of metamorphism rock metamorphism is a geological process that changes the mineralogical and chemical composition, as well as the structure of rocks. Infiltrational metasomatism is a type of metasomatism that takes place by the transfer of material in solution, infiltrating through the host rocks. Contact metamorphism also called thermal metamorphism is the process by which the country rock that surrounds a hot magma intrusion is metamorphosed by the high heat flow coming from the intrusion. Igneous rocks formed at relatively high temperatures of approx imately 650 to 1200c and sediments deposited at the. Winter 2010 an introduction to igneous and metamorphic petrology.
Temperature and pressure are important factors in determining the new minerals that form in a metamorphic rock. Metamorphism, mineralogical and structural adjustments of solid rocks to physical and chemical conditions differing from those under which the rocks originally formed. The approximate location of the pelitic zones of barrovian metamorphism are included for comparison. Recognize the different types of metamorphism, the processes. Metamorphism is the change of minerals or geologic texture distinct arrangement of minerals in preexisting rocks, without the protolith melting into liquid magma a solidstate change. Metamorphism produced with increasing pressure and temperature conditions is known as prograde metamorphism. He discusses the role of water in metamorphism and describes the different types of metamorphic processes including contact, shock and high pressure metamorphism and metamorphism in an orogenic belt. Although metamorphic rocks are forming today, it is difficult to see. The type and intensity of the metamorphism, and width of the metamorphic aureole will depend on a number of factors, including the type of country rock, the temperature of the intruding body and the size of the body figure 7. Changes produced by surface conditions such as compaction are usually excluded. Metamorphism the process of changes in preexisting rocks topic 2. Restate how metamorphic rocks relate to the two other rock groups sedimentary and igneous.
The huge forces that move continents stretch and squash parts of the earths crust. As per wikipedia, metamorphic rocks arise from the transformation of existing rock types, in a process called metamorphism, which means change in form. Types, grade and facies of metamorphism 5btypes of. Ian sanders explains how and why rocks change during metamorphic processes.
Transient stresses may locally produce a fabric like that in cohesive flow. Definition, conditions and types of metamorphism request pdf. Dynamic metamorphism is the result of very high shear stress, such as occurs along fault zones. Most metamorphic rocks are the result of regional metamorphism also called dynamothermal metamorphism. To determine the processes underlying metamorphism, they rely heavily on statistical mechanics and experimental petrology. Pdf introducing metamorphism download full pdf book. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website.
Metamorphic rocks arise from the transformation of existing rock types, in a process called metamorphism, which means change in form. Metamorphism is typically as sociated with elevated temperature and pressure. Retrograde metamorphism as temperature and pressure fall due to erosion of overlying rock or due to tectonic uplift, one might expect metamorphism to a follow a reverse path and eventually return the rocks to their original unmetamorphosed state. Metamorphism, metamorphic processes and mineral transformations in rocks at elevated temperatures and pressures are fundamentally associated with chemical reactions in rocks. The different rock types produced by dynamic metamorphism vary with depth from the surface as, with increasing depth, both the surrounding pressure and temperature increase. The nature and models of metamorphism springerlink. The chemical components and crystal structures of the minerals making up the rock may change even. Meta t change, morph form, so metamorphism means to change form. In geology the term is used to refer to a solidstate recrystallization of earlier igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic rocks. This video deals with the basics of metamorphism and types of metamorphism 1. The change occurs primarily due to heat, pressure, and the introduction of chemically active fluids.
The most important agents of metamorphism include temperature, pressure, and fluids. Orogenic metamorphism burial metamorphism oceanfloor metamorphism orogenic metamorphism this type of metamorphism is associated with convergent plate margins. Section 1 metamorphic rock type and tectonic setting. At greater depth, the heat and pressure involved can cause folding andor metamorphism. He needed only to push himself up a little, and it fell by itself. Metamorphism and metamorphic rocks tulane university. Metamorphism is a geological process that changes the mineralogical and chemical composition, as well as the structure of rocks. Metamorphism does not include, by definition, similar processes that occur near the earths surface such as weathering, cementation and diagenesis. Its the first thing you learn in a geology class very briefly the three types of rocks are igneous they form from the cooling of magma deep inside the earth. Products are coesite and stihovite hydrothermal metamorphism in. Factors controlling metamorphism a quartz sandstone, for example, will metamorphose into a rock that contains a high percentage of silica.
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